Which process involves changing data from one numerical system or format to another?

The correct choice is focused on the process of changing data from one numerical system or format to another, which is best described by data conversion. Data conversion specifically refers to the transformation of data types, formats, or structures to make them compatible or usable across different systems or applications. It can involve converting data from one format, such as from text to numeric or from one file type to another, ensuring that the data remains accurate and useful in its new context.

While data transformation might seem relevant, it refers more broadly to the processes applied to data to prepare it for analysis, which can include cleaning, aggregating, or enriching data, beyond just changing its numerical system or format. Data mining involves extracting patterns and knowledge from large datasets, and data integration focuses on combining data from different sources into a coherent dataset. These other processes serve different purposes within the realms of data science and analytics, emphasizing the specificity of data conversion in addressing the question directly.