What is the first step in the data science process?

The first step in the data science process involves defining the problem. This critical initial phase is essential as it sets the direction for all subsequent steps in the process. By clearly articulating the problem to be solved, data scientists can establish the objectives, determine the relevant data needed, and choose appropriate methodologies for analysis. A well-defined problem statement helps to ensure that the efforts in data collection, analysis, and modeling are aligned with the ultimate goals of the project. It also aids in communicating the project's purpose and scope to stakeholders, ensuring everyone has a common understanding of what needs to be achieved.

In contrast, the other steps mentioned—modeling, analyzing, and cleaning—are important but come after the problem has been clearly defined. Without a solid understanding of the problem at hand, efforts in data cleaning to prepare the dataset, analysis to extract insights, or modeling to make predictions may not effectively address the original issues intended to be solved.